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79 pages 2 hours read

Parvana's Journey

Fiction | Novel | Middle Grade | Published in 2002

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Chapters 15-18Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 15 Summary

Weeks pass faster than Parvana realizes, and soon the days get colder, and the children’s food reserves wane. They watch planes pass overhead and hear an explosion in the distance. The presence of war begins to draw nearer, and the constant sound of outlying explosions keeps the children up at night. During the day, Parvana teaches Leila and Grandmother to read. Although Asif claims he doesn’t want any part of the “stupid school” time (122), he always stays close enough with Hassan to hear the lessons. One day, they hear an explosion in the minefield and find a goat that has only been partially destroyed. They have a party, washing and dressing in nice, clean clothes, and roast the goat.

After eating as much as they can of the delicious meat, they sing songs together by the fire until night comes, and the bombs begin to fall. This time, the bombs sound much louder and closer, and one lands just outside Green Valley, shaking the ground. Leila tries to run to Grandmother, who is near the house, but Parvana holds her back. The bombing continues, and one bomb lands directly on Green Valley. The children cling to each other until morning, when the bombing finally ends, and in the dawn light, they see that the house—and Grandmother—are gone.

Chapter 16 Summary

The children take to the road again, this time with Leila added to their ranks. Leila leaves reluctantly because she thinks her mother will return to Green Valley. All of the children’s spirits are low. They have no food, Hassan constantly cries, and the bomb destroyed most of their supplies. Parvana was wearing women’s clothing when the bomb hit, so she can no longer pretend to be a boy, and she worries what could happen if the Taliban sees her without a head covering.

After days of walking, they reach a stream and spend the night there, drinking to fill their bellies and washing their bodies and clothes. In the morning, Leila makes Parvana check her bag for food, just in case there’s some she forgot about. As Parvana shows the contents of her bag, Leila asks about the last remaining book from Parvana’s father: To Kill a Mockingbird. Leila and Asif speculate that the book contains instructions on how to kill a chicken and then convince themselves that the book might taste like chicken. Parvana tears a few pages from the book, and the children each chew on the pages while they contemplate what to do next. Parvana doesn’t know where to go, but Leila suggests they follow the stream, and they head out. 

Chapter 17 Summary

Bombing continues each night, usually in the distance. Leila asks Parvana why people drop the bombs to kill people, and why they killed Grandmother. Parvana has no answers, but she encourages Leila to remember things about Grandmother, and the girls huddle together for warmth. As they follow the stream for a few days, the children eat leaves, grass, and more pages from the book. The water makes them sick, but they drink it anyway. Hassan weakens and stops crying. He refuses to eat the leaves they put in his mouth. One day, they come across a starving and sick family. The father used to be a farmer, but his land was destroyed by the war, as were the rivers and landscape. He tells them about a camp to which many people are traveling to escape the bombs, so the children head that direction. On the way, they encounter a burned orchard, and Asif shares that he used to work for his uncle on an orchard. His uncle beat him and locked him in a shed. Asif escaped and made it to the cave where he met Parvana. 

Chapter 18 Summary

Parvana continues to write letters to Shauzia. She knows Hassan needs a doctor and may die. They beg for food from people they see, but everyone is starving. As they travel, the war continues to rage all around them, with bombs falling during the daytime now, too. While on the road, planes overhead drop bombs nearby, and as everyone runs for cover, Leila stands in the road shouting at the planes, asking them to stop. When the explosions cease, they continue walking. All they can do is walk; they cannot help anyone or even fully register the horrors they see as they pass corpses and people dying. They keep walking, and finally they reach the camp for Internally Displaced Persons.

Chapters 15-18 Analysis

Even though Parvana and the other children feel safe and separate from the war at Green Valley, reality soon sets in. Their food supply begins to dwindle, and they start seeing planes and hearing bombs at night. Nowhere is safe from the war. Even though they are innocent civilians in the middle of nowhere, the bombs still reach them. The bombing of Green Valley and Grandmother’s death reminds the reader of the senselessness of this war. Leila’s question of why anyone would want to kill Grandmother remains unanswered and echoes Ellis’s theme concerning the futility of war. The proximity of the war only increases as the children journey towards the camp. Ellis conveys the heartbreaking destruction of the war as the children are bombed alongside others walking on the road, and they pass by people who have been severely injured or have died from the blast. They see horrors that no children should ever have to face, and as they approach the camp, Parvana states that she doesn’t feel like herself anymore. The war has irrevocably altered the children, and they struggle to hold onto parts of their identity that existed before the war.

As the children take to the road, Parvana notes that it’s more difficult this time because of the food, mattresses, and home they had at Green Valley. Ellis creates a grim picture of the reality of the children’s situation, showing their extreme hunger when they resort to chewing the pages of a book, and their thirst when they drink water from a muddy stream knowing they will probably get sick. All of the healing and progress they made at Green Valley seems to dissipate. They are constantly hungry and dirty again, Asif’s cough returns, and Hassan slowly loses his will to live. Parvana’s letters to Shauzia continue to be a kind of diary for her, helping her process the hardships she endures.

Despite the constant struggles the children face in these chapters, Ellis also highlights moments of happiness that help the children cling to their humanity and sense of self. For example, before the bombing of Green Valley, Parvana teaches Grandmother and Leila, and even Asif listens to the lessons. Furthermore, they salvage a moment of normal life when they dress up and have a party to celebrate the goat that wandered into the minefield. The party gives them a reason to be clean, feel happy, and forget the war for a moment. Finally, the children sing together both around the campfire after eating the goat, and in the burned orchard when they are tired, starving, and afraid. In both happy and horrible conditions, they can sing together and feel some measure of comfort and humanity for a moment. 

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