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The first Gamache novel, Still Life, was published in 2005, and the most recent in 2022. All of Penny’s mysteries showcase her awareness of the genre: A detective and his assistants work to solve a central mystery, with clues to the killer’s identity interspersed throughout. Penny, however, draws more on the recent psychological trends in the genre rather than those of the traditional country house mystery or English detective novel, perhaps most closely associated with the work of Agatha Christie. Penny is interested in the emotional lives of her investigators and her secondary characters. Penny has written publicly about her admiration for the novels of P. D. James, whose long-running Adam Dalgliesh series, first published in the 1960s, epitomize this trend.
While the first few installments in the Gamache series take place in or near the village of Three Pines, Bury Your Dead marks a departure by taking place in Québec City. Penny draws directly on previous installments in this novel, marking an increasing trend of serial storytelling. Beauvoir asks about Clara Morrow’s art show, a subplot during the Hermit case and the main plot point in the following installment, A Trick of the Light. The serialization is most apparent, however, in the immediate return to the death of the Hermit from The Brutal Telling and the emotional impact of Olivier Brulé’s arrest. Subsequent installments will focus even more closely on the relationship between Gamache and Beauvoir and the latter’s psychological struggles, foreshadowed here by his use of OxyContin to cope with his emotional pain. This arc, and the ongoing machinations of Sylvain Francoeur, reaches its conclusion in the 10th installment in the series, How the Light Gets In.
The series is ongoing, with a continued focus on police corruption, Three Pines, and contemporary politics. The most recent installment is 2022’s A World of Curiosities.
Québec came under British control after the Seven Years’ War ended in 1763. Tensions between the Francophone majority and English minority were a persistent part of the political system, beginning with the formation of the Parti Canadien in 1807, in what was then known as Lower Canada. The boundaries of Québec date to 1867, when it became a federated state within Canada. Nationalist sentiment reached new heights during the Quiet Revolution of the 1960s, which secularized education and diminished the social and institutional power of the Roman Catholic church. Support for bilingualism and biculturalism increased, as did support for separatism, epitomized by the formation of the new Parti Québécois. Radicalist sentiments, partly inspired by anticolonial politics in Cuba and Algeria, grew to political violence, reaching a height after the murder of Québec’s labor minister, Pierre Laporte.
The premiership of Pierre Trudeau, a Francophone dedicated to preserving Canada, officially supported bilingualism in education and employment, and members of his Liberal Party became dominant in Québec as well. Trudeau dominated Canadian politics from 1968 until 1984 and oversaw a referendum on Québec independence in 1980. A second referendum nearly passed in 1995.
This is the long history of separatism that Émile Comeau celebrates and Elizabeth MacWhirter remembers with more trepidation. Pierre Trudeau’s son, Justin, is Canada’s current prime minister and also a member of its Liberal Party. The Bloc Québécois, representing nationalist and separatist views, has increased its share of legislative seats since 2019.
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By Louise Penny